Everything about Enguerrand De Marigny totally explained
Enguerrand de Marigny (
1260 –
April 30,
1315) was a
French chamberlain and minister of
Philip IV the Fair.
He was born at
Lyons-la-Forêt in
Normandy, of an old Norman family of the smaller baronage called
Le Portier, which took the name of Marigny about
1200.
Enguerrand entered the service of
Hugues de Bonville, chamberlain and secretary of Philip IV, as a squire, and then was attached to the household of
Queen Jeanne, who made him one of the executors of her will. He married her god-daughter, Jeanne de St Martin. In
1298 he received the custody of the castle of
Issoudun.
After the death of
Pierre Flotte and Hugues de Bonville at the
Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle in
1304, he became Philip's
Grand Chamberlain and chief minister. In
1306 he was sent to preside over the exchequer of Normandy. He received numerous gifts of land and money from Philip as well as a pension from
Edward II of England.
Possessed of an ingratiating manner, politic, learned and astute, he acted as an able instrument in carrying out Philip's plans, and received corresponding confidence. He shared the popular odium which Philip incurred by debasing the coinage. He acted as the agent of Philip in his contest with
Louis, Count of Nevers, the son of
Robert III of Flanders, imprisoning Louis and forcing Robert to surrender
Lille,
Douai and
Béthune.
He obtained for his half-brother
Philip de Marigny in
1301 the
bishopric of Cambrai, and in
1309 the
archbishopric of Sens, and for his brother
Jean in
1312 the
bishopric of Beauvais. Still another relative,
Nicolas de Frauville, became the king's confessor and a cardinal. He addressed the
States-General in
1314 and succeeded in getting further taxes for the
Flemish war, incurring at the same time much ill will.
This soon came to a head when the princes of the blood, eager to fight the Flemings, were disappointed by his negotiating a peace in September. He was accused of receiving bribes, and
Charles of Valois denounced him to the king himself; but Philip stood by him and the attack was of no avail. The death of Philip IV on
November 29,
1314 was a signal for a reaction against his policy. The feudal party, whose power the king had tried to limit, turned on his ministers and chiefly on his chamberlain.
Enguerrand was arrested by
Louis X at the instigation of
Charles of Valois, and twenty-eight articles of accusation including charges of receiving bribes were brought against him. He was refused a hearing; but his accounts were correct, and Louis was inclined to spare him anything more than banishment to the island of
Cyprus. Charles then brought forward a charge of
sorcery which was more effectual. He was condemned at once and hanged on the public gallows at
Montfaucon, protesting that in all his acts he'd only been carrying out Philip's commands (
April 30,
1315).
Louis X seems to have repented of his treatment of Marigny, and left legacies to his children. When his chief enemy,
Charles of Valois, lay dying in
1325, he was stricken with remorse and ordered alms to be distributed among the poor of
Paris with a request to pray for the souls of Enguerrand and Charles.
Marigny founded the collegiate church of
Nôtre Dame d'Escos near
Rouen in
1313. He was twice married, first to Jeanne de St Martin, by whom he'd three children, Louis, Marie and Isabelle (who married Robert, son of
Robert de Tancarville); and the second time to Alips de Mons.
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